Wall and ceiling structure



@D QJ? M. is.. MAWMS WALL AND CEILING STRUCTURE Filed May 18, 1955 its IVENTOR.

@Mlm y" 52M? ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 28, 1936 UNITED STATE l5 Claims.

This invention relates to wall and ceiling structures.

It is an object of this invention to provide a wall or ceiling structure in which facing slabs can be quickly, easily and securely locked to a supporting sub-structure. Another object is to provide a brick-faced wall that can be quickly and easily erected. A further object is to provide a strong and durable brick-faced facing slab adapted to be readily connected to a supporting sub-structure.

Accordingly, facing slabs are formed with hook-like members projecting from their inner faces, and hook-like clips are mounted on the yelongate supporting members, suchL as studs or beams, forming the sub-structure for interlocking with the hook-like members. Preferably, the clips are slidable on the supporting members. In the case of outside walls, each slab is preferably formed of reinforced concrete having thin bricks embedded in its outer surface and insulating boards applied to its inner surface through which the hook-like members project to engage the clips.

The preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a wall; Fig. 2 a view taken on the line II-II of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a front View of a brick-faced facing slab; Fig. 4 an enlarged View taken on the line IV-IV of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 a view, similar to Fig. 4, showing a modified form of brick; and Fig. 6 an enlarged perspective view of a clip.

Referring to the rst three figures of the drawing, a wall structure is illustrated, but it will be understood that a ceiling can be formed in the same manner with ceiling slabs. The substructure of the wall is formed in the usual way from a plurality of elongate supporting members or studs l disposed vertically in substantially parallel spaced relation. These studs are preferably metal I-beams each having a web 2, inner flanges 3 and outer flanges 4.

Disposed against the outer surface of the substructure are facing slabs that extend transversely of the studs. Projecting from the inner surface of each slab and engaging flanges 4 of the studding are hook-like members preferably in the form of a pair of parallel vertically spaced T-bars l, the flanges 3 of which are spaced from the inner surfaces of the slabs to form recesses 9 'for the reception of locking members by which the slabs are connected to the sub-structure. Although angles instead of T-bars could be used.

(Gl. 'Z2-20) the latter are stronger and give more contact with the studding, and when the ends of adjoining slabs meet between the studs rigid bars l@ are placed in the recesses between the upper flanges of the T-bars and the slabs at their meeting ends to reinforce the wall facing.

The locking members preferably take the form of metal clips l l, best shown in Fig. 6, slidably mounted on outer flanges l of the I-beams by means of side flanges it that are folded around flanges t. The end portions of the clips, which are slightly resilient, are spaced or offset from the studs to form hook-like portions i3, the ends lll of which preferably are turned in and back to add resiliency to the hooks. The top and bottom l5 clips lla on each stud are only half as long as the others and have only one hook i3d because there is no adjoining slab to which the other half of the clip could be connected as will be apparent on reference to Fig. l.

In building up the wall facing described herein, a facing slab 6 is placed against several studs, as shown in Fig. 3, and lowered until hooks l3nt on bottom clips lla have entered recess 9 where they engage web l5 and lower flange 3 of the lower T-bar and hold the bottom of the slab tightly against the studding. The resiliency of the turned-back ends of the hooks aids in pressing the T-bars tightly against the studs. A row of clips li is then slid down the studs until their lower hooks i3 enter recess 9, formed by the upper T-bar, and engage web l5 and upper flange 3 to lock the top of the Islab against the studding. After the bottom row of facing slabs has been attached to the sub-structure in this manner the 3D next row is applied in the same way. That is, each slab is laid against the studding and then lowered until the web of its lower T-bar rests on the upper hooks i3 of the clips locking the tops of the slabs in the bottom row in place. The tops of the slabs in this second row are then locked to the studding by sliding clips down the studs and into engagement with their upper T-bars. This continues until the entire wall has been faced. As clips ll engage the webs of the T- 45 bars of adjoining slabs, they are adapted to act as spacers for spacing the upper slab from the lower in case that is desired. Generally, however, the length of the clips is such that the upper slab is allowed to rest on the lower. 50

If studs l happen to be wooden stringers instead of metal I-bea-ms, the clips are nailed to the studs as the facing slabs are applied with flanges l2 bent at right angles to engage the sides of the studs, or with the flanges omitted entirely.

The wall facing slabs are preferably constructed in the following manner. Each of the slabs shown has an outer facing of bricks I6 so that the slab has the outward appearance of brick laid in the ordinary manner, as will be seen on reference to Fig. 3. However, these bricks are much thinner than ordinary bricks, and are held in place or laid by being cast into a body of concrete l'l which is allowed to flow far enough between the bricks to grip their sides and ends and to give the appearance of grouting. The webs i of T-bars 'l extend into this concrete from the rear and are connected by vertical rods i9 extending through holes in the bars. The bars and rods combine to form a strong reinforcement for the slab.

The inner or rear face of the concrete is waterproofed and insulated in any suitable manner such as by aluminum foil or by coating it with a layer of waterproofing such as asphalt 2i, and applying insulating board 23 of any suitable kind to the asphalt by which it is cemented to the concrete body. The insulating board is divided into three pieces, one being disposed between the webs of the T-bars and the other two between the webs and the edges of the slab (Fig. 2). The asphalt prevents any possibility of water seeping through the slab, and the insulating board provides the usual insulation against heat, cold and sound.

As-shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the concrete at the ends of alternate rows of bricks in each slab is provided with brick-receiving recesses 24 in which bricks are cemented, after the wall has been erected, to bridge over the joints between the ends of the slabs and thereby complete the brick facing. Because of this construction it is unnecessary for some of the bricks to project from one end of each slab where they would be exposed to breakage in shipment and handling. After the wall has been formed in the above-described manner the joints are all sealed by pointing them in the usual way.

If desired, the bricks can be tapered outwardly along their sides and ends so that they will be keyed into the concrete body, as shown in Fig. 5. This construction gives a stronger union between the bricks and concrete.

A material amount of time and labor is saved in erecting a brick-faced slab wall of this character, because the bricks are thin and therefore cheaper than ordinary bricks, they are not individually laid at the building site but are cast into slabs in groups, large sections of the wall are formed at a time so that the wall quickly rises, and the waterproofing and insulation are in place.

According to the provisions of the patent statutes, I have explained the principle and construction of my invention and have illustrated and described what I now consider to represent its best embodiment. However, I desire to have it understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specically illustrated and described.

I claim:

l. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of elongate supporting members disposed in substantially parallel spaced rela-tion, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on each of said members for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips having an end portion offset from the adjoining supporting member to form a 'nook-like portion, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the supporting members, and means secured to the inner faces of the slabs for interlocking engagement by the hook-like portions of the clips, whereby the slabs are connected to the supporting members.

2. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of elongate supporting members disposed in substantially parallel spaced relation, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on each of said members for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips having an end portion offset from the adjoining supporting member to form a hook-like portion, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the supporting members, and a plurality of elongate members secured to the inner faces of the slabs and extending transversely of said supporting members, said elongate members having nanges spaced from the slabs for engagement by the hook-like portions of the clips, whereby the slabs are connected to the supporting members.

3. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of elongate supporting members disposed in substantially parallel spaced relation, a plu rality of clips slidably mounted on each of said members for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips having an end portion offset from the adjoining supporting member to form a hook-like portion, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the supporting members, and a plurality of bars projecting from the inner faces of the slabs and extending transversely of said supporting members, said bars being provided with flanges extending longitudinally thereof and spaced from the slabs for engagement by the hook-like portions of the clips, whereby the slabs are connected to the supporting members.

4. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of elongate supporting members disposed in substantially parallel spaced relation, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on each of said members for movement longitudinally thereof. each of said clips having an end portion offset from the adjoining supporting member to form a hook-like portion, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the supporting members, and a plurality of T-bars projecting from the inner yfaces of the slabs and extending transversely of said supporting members, the flanges of said bars being spaced from the adjoining slabs for engagement by the hook-like portions of the clips, whereby the slabs are connected to the supporting members.

5. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of elongate supporting members disposed in substantially parallel spaced relation, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on each of said members for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips being formed of spring metal and having an end portion offset from the adjoining supporting member to form a resilient hook-like portion, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the supporting members, and means secured to the inner faces of the slabs for interlocking engagement by the hook-like portions of the clips, whereby the slabs are connected to the supporting members.

6. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of elongate supporting members disposed in substantially parallel spaced relation, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on each of said members for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips being formed of spring metal and having an end portion offset from the adjoining supporting member to form a resilient hook-like portion, the free end of said offset portion being turned back to form a resilient lip, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the supporting members, and means secured to the inner faces of the slabs for interlocking engagement by the hook-like portions of the clips, whereby the slabs are connected to the supporting members.

7. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of elongate supporting members disposed in substantially parallel spaced relation, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on each of said members for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips having its end portions offset from the adjoining supporting member to form hook-like portions facing in opposite directions, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the supporting members, and means secured to the inner faces of the slabs for interlocking engagement by the hook-like portions of the clips, whereby the slabs are connected to the supporting members.

8. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of elongate supporting members disposed in substantially parallel spaced relation, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the supporting members, hook-like members projecting from the inner faces of the slabs and extending toward the adjacent side edges thereof, and a plurality of clips mounted on the supporting members adjacent lsaid side edges of the slabs for interlocking engagement by the hook-like members of the slabs, whereby the slabs are locked to the supporting members.

9. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of I-beams disposed with their webs in substantially parallel spaced relation, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on the flanges of said I- beams for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips having side flanges bent behind the flanges of the adjoining I-beam for connecting the clip thereto and having an end portion offset from said I-beam to form a hook-like portion, and means secured to the inner faces of the slabs for interlocking engagement by the hook-like portions of the clips, whereby the slabs are connected to the I-beams.

10. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of elongate supporting members disposed in substantially parallel spaced relation, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on each of said members for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips having an end portion offset from the adjoining supporting member to form a hook-like portion, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the supporting members, and a pair of T-bars projecting from the inner face of each slab and extending longitudinally thereof with their flanges spaced from the slab for engagement by the hook-like portions of the clips, said bars being disposed adjacent the side edges of the slabs.

11, A wall structure comprising a plurality of studs, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on each of said studs for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips having an end portion offset from the adjoining stud to form a hook-like portion, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the studs, each of said slabs having a concrete body, means partially embedded in said concrete body and projecting from the inner face thereof for interlocking engagement by the hookbody portion, a plurality of relatively thin bricks partially embedded in the outer face thereof, a coat of waterproofing material applied to the inner face of said concrete body, insulation board adhering to said waterproofing material, and a plurality of elongate members partially embedded in said concrete body and projecting from the inner face of the slab, said members having flanges: offset from said insulation board for engagement by the hook-like portions of said clips, whereby the slabs are connected to the studs.

13. A wall structure comprising a plurality of studs, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on each of said studs for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips having an end portion offset from the adjoining stud to form a hooklike portion, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the studs, each of said slabs comprising a concrete body portion, a plurality of relatively thin bricks partially embedded in the outer face thereof, a plurality of bars extending longitudinally of the slab and having web portions embedded in said concrete body and flanges spaced from the inner face of the slab for engagement by the hook-like portions of said clips, and a plurality of reinforcing rods embedded in said concrete body and extending transversely thereof and through said web portions.

14, In combination with a plurality of Wall studs, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the studs, each of said slabs comprising a concrete body portion, a plurality of bricks partially embedded in its outer face, a pair of parallel T- bars having their webs embedded in said concrete body and their anges spaced from the inner face of the slab, and a plurality of reinforcing rods embedded in the concrete body and extending through the webs of the T-bars, and means for engaging said flanges and connecting the slabs to said studs.

15. A wall or ceiling structure comprising a plurality of elongate supporting members disposed in substantially parallel spaced relation, a plurality of clips slidably mounted on each of .said members for movement longitudinally thereof, each of said clips having hook-like portion, a plurality of facing slabs disposed against the supporting members with their ends meeting between them, a plurality of T-bars projecting from the inner faces of the slabs and extending transversely of said supporting members, the flanges of said bars being spaced from the adjoining slabs for engagement by the hooklike portions of the clips, whereby the slabs are connected to the sup-porting members, and rigid bars disposed between the upper flanges of the T-bars and the slabs for connecting and reinforcing their meetings ends.

HERBERT E. MARKS. 

